Apple Intelligence Foundation Language Models Tech Report 2025

We introduce two multilingual, multimodal foundation language models that power Apple Intelligence features across Apple devices and services: (i) a ∼3B-parameter on-device model optimized for Apple silicon through architectural innovations such as KV-cache sharing and 2-bit quantization-aware training; and (ii) a scalable server model built on a novel Parallel-Track Mixture-of-Experts (PT-MoE) transformer that combines track parallelism, mixture-of-experts sparse computation, and interleaved global–local attention to deliver high quality with competitive cost on Apple’s Private Cloud Compute…