Behavioral Privacy Leakage in Agentic Negotiation: Formalizing and Mitigating Inference Attacks via Randomized Policies
This paper was accepted at the AI4TCI (Workshop on AI for Secure and Trustworthy Critical Infrastructure Systems) Workshop at the International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (ARES) 2026. Autonomous negotiation agents are increasingly deployed in high-stakes settings such as insurance and procurement. While cryptographic techniques protect explicitly disclosed constraint values, they fail to address a subtler threat: behavioral privacy leakage, where an adversary infers private constraints from observable negotiation dynamics such as concession trajectories, timing, and…
At Apple, we believe privacy is a fundamental human right. It’s also one of our core values, influencing both our research and the design of Apple’s products and services. Understanding how people use their devices often helps in improving the user experience. However, accessing the data that provides such insights…
Designed artifacts are ontological, shaping, and at times limiting, what becomes possible or imaginable. One path toward mitigating such foreclosures is giving people power over how systems are designed and built. Despite decades of scholarship around systems that enable such authorship, these systems are often evaluated on whether or not…
Progress in natural language processing enables more intuitive ways of interacting with technology. For example, many of Apple’s products and services, including Siri and search, use natural language understanding and generation to enable a fluent and seamless interface experience for users. Natural language is a rapidly moving area of machine…